By Giwa Bolaji (SIWES Student, DS Adegbenro Polytechnic)
In recent developments, the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) has observed a surge in cybercrimes among Nigerian youth, with romance scams targeting foreigners standing out as a prominent form of internet fraud. Despite legislative measures against such activities, a significant portion of the population views these scams as innocuous, offering support and protection to the perpetrators.
Former EFCC Chairman Ibrahim Magu highlighted the challenge of curbing dating fraud, attributing it to parental endorsement. He pointed out that parents, particularly mothers, often support their children involved in internet fraud, rationalizing it as a means to financially sustain their families, even if achieved through illegal means.
Research on victims of romance scams is limited, partly due to the reluctance of victims, mostly foreign nationals, to speak out due to societal shame. Nevertheless, Nigeria is recognized as having the highest number of online romance fraudsters in Africa and ranks third globally. In 2021 alone, Nigeria was linked to 1,129 romance scams, totaling £12.1 million in losses, averaging £10,700 per victim.
Nigerians have gained notoriety for their involvement in dating scams, targeting individuals seeking love connections through online platforms. Recent cases, including arrests and extraditions to the United States, underscore the severity of the issue. The emotional manipulation employed by scammers often leads victims to provide money, gifts, or personal information.
The growth of romance scams in Nigeria persists despite legal prohibitions, such as the Cybercrimes Prohibition and Prevention Act of 2015. The internet has become a popular avenue for youths seeking love, attracting individuals with unrealistic standards who may fall prey to scammers using fake identities. The online anonymity further facilitates these fraudulent activities.
Historically, financial fraud in Nigeria was synonymous with Advance Fee Fraud or “419,” named after the corresponding section in the Nigerian Criminal Code. While 419 scams were prevalent before the internet era, the evolution of technology has accelerated the transition to online dating romance scams, marking a concerning trend in the realm of cybercrime.
